Chloramphenicol CAS#56-75-7
CAS Number: 56-75-7
Chemical Formula: C11H12Cl2N2O5
Synonyms:
[theta-(theta,theta)]-C
Acetamide, 2,2-dichloro-N-[beta-hydroxy-alpha-(hydroxymethyl)-p-nitrophenethyl]-, D-threo-(-)-
2,2-dichloro-N-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl]-,[R-(R*,R*)]-Acetamide
Appearance: White solid
HS Code:29414000
MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity): 1 FCL (Full Container Load)
Chloramphenicol CAS#56-75-7
Chloramphenicol, a broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from Streptomyces chlorinus, exerts bacteriostatic effects on bacterial growth. The natural form of this compound is the L-isomer, also referred to as levomycin. Synthetic chloramphenicol appears as white or pale yellow needle-like or flaky crystals—odorless yet intensely bitter. It shows slight solubility in water, ether, and chloroform, while being readily soluble in methanol, ethanol, acetone, or ethyl acetate, and insoluble in benzene and petroleum ether. This antibiotic maintains relative stability in neutral or weakly acidic aqueous solutions but tends to lose efficacy when exposed to alkaline environments. Synthetic chloramphenicol is a racemic mixture consisting of both L-isomer and D-isomer. Since the D-isomer lacks antibacterial activity, the synthetic version exhibits only half the potency of its natural counterpart.
Chloramphenicol Chemical Parameters
Melting point | 148-150 °C(lit.) |
alpha | |
Boiling point | 644.9±55.0 °C(Predicted) |
density | 1.6682 (rough estimate) |
refractive index | 20 ° (C=5, EtOH) |
Fp | 14 °C |
storage temp. | Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,2-8°C |
solubility | absolute ethanol: soluble5-20mg/mL (as a stock solution) |
form | |
pka | 11.03±0.46(Predicted) |
color | white |
Water Solubility | 2.5 g/L (25 º C) |
Merck | 142077 |
BRN | 2225532 |
BCS Class | 3 |
InChIKey | WIIZWVCIJKGZOK-RKDXNWHRSA-N |
LogP | 1.14 |
CAS DataBase Reference | 56-75-7(CAS DataBase Reference) |
NIST Chemistry Reference | Chloramphenicol(56-75-7) |
IARC | 2A (Vol. Sup 7, 50) 1990 |
EPA Substance Registry System | Chloramphenicol (56-75-7) |
Safety Information | |
Hazard Codes | T,F |
Risk Statements | 45-11-39/23/24/25-23/24/25 |
Safety Statements | 53-45-16-36/37 |
RIDADR | 2811 |
WGK Germany | 3 |
RTECS | AB6825000 |
F | 45726 |
TSCA | Yes |
HazardClass | 3 |
HazardClass | IRRITANT |
HS Code | 29414000 |
Hazardous Substances Data | 56-75-7(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Toxicity | LD50 oral in rat: 2500mg/kg |
Chloramphenicol CAS#56-75-7 Application
This broad-spectrum antibacterial antibiotic serves as the first-line treatment for typhoid and paratyphoid fever, and is also one of the specific agents for anaerobic infections. Additionally, it is indicated for managing various infectious diseases triggered by susceptible microorganisms. Owing to its severe adverse effects, its clinical application has declined significantly in recent years. Sharing identical antibacterial spectrum, pharmacological effects, and therapeutic uses with chloramphenicol, it is employed to treat infections caused by pathogens such as Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Brucella, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. It is classified as a raw material for antibiotic anti-infective medications.
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