Isoniazid CAS#54-85-3
Isoniazid appears as colorless crystals or a white crystalline powder, with a slightly bitter taste, stable properties, and good solubility in water. The hydrazine moiety within isoniazid possesses strong reducing activity. Under alkaline conditions, it is capable of reducing dissolved oxygen in water to hydrogen peroxide, though the reaction proceeds at a slow rate. Gold nanoparticles can catalyze this process, forming a luminescent system alongside luminol.Attached to the hydrazine group of isoniazid is an amino group (-NH₂), which enables the compound to undergo typical amino group reactions. Examples include condensation with active carbonyl compounds to form Schiff bases, as well as reactions with carboxylic acid derivatives or sulfonyl chlorides to yield acylated isoniazid or sulfonyl isoniazid, respectively.
Isoniazid Chemical Parameters
Melting point | 171-173 °C (lit.) |
Boiling point | 251.97°C (rough estimate) |
density | 1.2620 (rough estimate) |
bulk density | 800kg/m3 |
refractive index | 1.6910 (estimate) |
Fp | >250°C |
storage temp. | 2-8°C |
solubility | 125g/l |
form | Crystals or Crystalline Powder |
pka | pKa 2.00/3.60/10.8(H2O) (Uncertain) |
color | White or colorless |
PH | 6-8 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
Odor | Odorless |
PH Range | 5.5 - 6.5 at 10 g/l at 25 °C |
Water Solubility | 14 g/100 mL (25 ºC) |
Sensitive | Air Sensitive |
Merck | 145186 |
BRN | 119374 |
BCS Class | 1,3 |
Stability: | Stability Stable, but may be air or light sensitive. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, chloral, aldehydes, iodine, ferric salts, hypochlorites. |
InChIKey | QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS DataBase Reference | 54-85-3(CAS DataBase Reference) |
NIST Chemistry Reference | Isoniazid(54-85-3) |
IARC | 3 (Vol. 4, Sup 7) 1987 |
EPA Substance Registry System | Isoniazid (54-85-3) |
Safety Information | |
Hazard Codes | Xn |
Risk Statements | 22-38-40-36/37/38 |
Safety Statements | 37-36/37/39-26 |
RIDADR | 2811 |
WGK Germany | 3 |
RTECS | NS1751850 |
TSCA | Yes |
PackingGroup | III |
HS Code | 29333999 |
Hazardous Substances Data | 54-85-3(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Toxicity | LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 151 i.p., 149 i.v. (Jenney, Pfeiffer) |
Isoniazid CAS#54-85-3 Application
This product serves as a first-line anti-tuberculosis medication, featuring high efficacy, low toxicity, and cost-effectiveness. It also functions as an electroplating additive and pharmaceutical intermediate. Condensation of isoniazid with formaldehyde sodium bisulfite yields isoniazid methanesulfonate [13447-95-5], while its reaction with formaldehyde forms diisoniazid. This condensation process is relatively straightforward: formaldehyde is added to an aqueous isoniazid solution, followed by reaction at approximately 65℃ for 30 minutes. Isoniazid also undergoes condensation with vanillic acid in aqueous solution at around 95℃ to produce isoniazid hydrazone. All these isoniazid derivatives exhibit anti-tuberculosis activity, with isoniazid itself demonstrating the most potent therapeutic effect among them. Although isoniazid hydrazone shows weaker antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis than isoniazid, it imposes milder toxicity on the nervous system and liver.In biochemical research, isoniazid is clinically utilized as an anti-tuberculosis agent. It displays high selectivity and strong antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In vitro studies indicate that a concentration of 0.025 to 0.05 mg/L can inhibit bacterial growth, while higher concentrations exert a bactericidal effect on actively replicating bacteria.
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